Description: The seeds are acrid, alterative, antiinflammatory, aphrodisiac, appetiser, bitter, cardiotonic, diaphoretic, digestive, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, emmolient, expectorant, febrifuge, laxative, liver tonic, nervine, stimulant, stomachic and thermogenic, and are used for stimulating the intellect and sharpening the memory. Also used to cure sores, ulcers, joint pains, rheumatism, gout and paralysis.

The oil is recommended externally in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, paralysis, non healing wounds, ulcers, leprosy and leucoderma. Also useful in neurasthenia, hemiplegia, sciatica, arthritis and lumbago. As a stimulant, it is applied on penis on erectile failure.

Recommended Dosage: Seeds: 500 mg to 2 g powder; Oil: 5 to 15 drops.

Contraindication: Larger doses have been reported to cause burning of skin and vomiting.